Morphology — Adding -ing and -ed

Language · Grades 1–3 · 1 card · about 8 min

Sort words by whether they need -ing or -ed.

-ing

Drop here

-ed

Drop here

She is jumping.
They are playing.
The dog is barking.
Mom is cooking.
The baby is crying.
They are running.
He walked home.
We painted the fence.
I cleaned my room.
She washed the dishes.
He wanted a snack.
We watched a movie.

0/12 sorted

What's in this activity

  • -ing
  • -ed

About this activity

Twelve sentences sorted by which ending they use: She is jumping, They are playing, The dog is barking, Mom is cooking, The baby is crying and They are running take -ing; He walked home, We painted the fence, I cleaned my room, She washed the dishes, He wanted a snack and We watched a movie take -ed. The helping verb is the real clue, which is what makes this a syntax task as much as a morphology one.

How to use it in a session

Point at the helping verb. Is, are and am signal -ing, and their absence signals the past — a student who learns to look there will sort correctly without thinking about the ending at all. Once sorting is reliable, give a bare verb and a time word and ask for the sentence, which is production rather than recognition. Eight minutes covers the twelve.

What to listen for

Listen for the -ed pronunciations. Walked ends in a /t/ sound, cleaned in a /d/, and wanted adds a whole syllable — three different endings from one spelling, and students who have been taught -ed as one thing find this confusing rather than obvious. Watch for the helping verb being omitted in speech, which is a separate and common pattern.

Carrying it home

Narrating what is happening and what happened gives both forms constantly. I'm cooking, then I cooked dinner — the pair heard together is what makes the contrast audible.

Questions

What grades is this for?
First through third, as early morphology and verb tense work.
Is it free?
Yes, all twelve sentences play with no account.
Why does -ed sound different in different words?
The ending assimilates to the sound before it — washed ends in a /t/ sound, cleaned in a /d/, wanted adds a syllable. One spelling, three pronunciations, and saying so directly clears up a lot of confusion.