Expository Text Compare-Contrast

Language · Grades 3–6 · 10 cards · about 12 min

Produce expository text comparing two concepts using a Venn diagram scaffold.

Compare and contrast cats and dogs. Both... but...
Say it out loud

What's in this activity

  • Compare and contrast cats and dogs. Both... but...
  • Compare and contrast summer and winter.
  • Compare and contrast a book and a movie.
  • Compare and contrast frogs and toads.
  • Compare and contrast the ocean and a lake.
  • Compare and contrast a bicycle and a car.
  • Compare and contrast a city and a farm.
  • Compare and contrast insects and spiders.
  • Compare and contrast pencils and pens.
  • Compare and contrast soccer and basketball.

About this activity

Ten pairs to compare and contrast, starting with the frame supplied: compare cats and dogs — both… but…; then summer and winter, a book and a movie, frogs and toads, the ocean and a lake, insects and spiders, soccer and basketball. The pairs get harder as the differences get subtler — cats and dogs is easy, frogs and toads requires knowing something.

How to use it in a session

Use the both-but frame explicitly and require both halves. Students given compare and contrast overwhelmingly produce only contrasts, and the similarities half is the one that needs prompting. Do the easy pairs first to establish the structure, then the ones that need content knowledge. A rough two-circle diagram on paper helps more than it should, because it makes the missing half visible. Twelve minutes covers three or four pairs.

What to listen for

Listen for the comparison words. However, unlike, whereas and both are what turn two descriptions into a comparison, and a student who says cats are small, dogs are big has produced two facts side by side rather than a contrast. Watch whether they compare on the same dimension — size against size — since comparing a cat's size to a dog's loyalty is a common and slippery error.

Carrying it home

Comparing two things the student knows well takes a minute and no materials. Two games, two teachers, two seasons — asking for one way they are the same and one way they differ is the whole task.

Questions

What grades is this for?
Third through sixth, matched to when compare-and-contrast writing is expected.
Do I need an account?
No, all ten prompts play free in the browser.
My student only lists differences. Where do I start?
With the word both. Requiring one both sentence before any contrast forces the similarity half, and most students find it harder than they expect.